Step-by-step insulation for electric conductors or the like.



K, KURDA. STEP-BY-STE? INSULATION FOR ELBGTRIG GONDUGTORS OR THE LIKE APPLICATION FILED AUG. ZO, 1907.

Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

l@ d@ Jr lUNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.

KARL KURDA, OF CHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO SIEMENS-SCHCKERT WERKE G. M. B. H., OF BERLIN, GERMANY, A CORPORATION OF GERMANY.

STEP-BY-STEP INSULATION FOR ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS OR THEVLIKE.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

Application filed August 20, 1907. Serial No. 389,352.

To all lwhomk t may concern Be it known thatI I, KARL KURDA, engineer, a subject of the German Emperor, resident of Charlottenburg, near Berlin, Germany, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Step-by-Step Insulation for Electric Conductors or the Like, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to an improved insulation of electrical conductors in general and in particular of transformers or like electrical apparatus.

lVlien methods of insulation known hitherto are einp'loyed, the insulation of windings or conductors conveying current at a very high tension necessitates an amount of insulating material which is exceedingly great compared with the thickness necessitated for.

lower tensions. The cause of this is to be found in the drop of potential, in the case of very thick insulating material, not. being distributed uniformly 'over the entire amount of the insulating material, but following laws which are dependent on the shape of the insulator. the size of the constant of the dielectric and on the amount of conductivity of the insulating material. Now a uniform distribution of potential over the entire thickness of the insulating material and therewith a less total thickness of the same ycan be obtained, as has 4been suggested Figure. l indicates diagrammatic'ally a transformer in section, and Fig. 2 indicates a manner in which a conductor may be insulated according to this method.

Referring to Fig. 1 t denotes the iron core of the transformer, h the high-tension winding, a the. low-tension winding, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, layers of insulating material and s1, c2, s3, 3

the layers of conducting material. As may be seen from this figure, the conducting layers s1, s2, s3, 8 are connected with points of the high-tension winding z., which are meant to represent steps of decreasing potential corresponding in number with the number of conducting layers and corresponding in their drop in potential with the thickness of the insulating material. The connections of the conducting layers are arranged so that the layers nearest the winding z are connected with the rst step, the next layer with the next lstep and so on. Thereby a uniform distribution of potential is obtained in the insulating material arranged between the high-tension winding k and the low-tension winding n or trainsformer-iron t, and a better utilization of the same is obtained.

Instead of connecting the conducting layers directly with suitable points of the winding conveying the high-tension current,these vlayers may be also connected to the same advantage with points of a resistance disposed between the high-tension terminals which points represent steps of decreasing potential corresponding in size and sequence with the thickness and sequence of the insulating material, in a similar manner as described with reference to Fig. l without departing from the spirit of my invention as set forth in the annexed claims. an arrangement is represented in 2 in which, for instance, a round conductor conducting high-tension current is shown, which is to be insulated from the transformer casing p. In this figure, Z denotes the conduc- Such of insulating material, a uniform distribution of potential is obtained within the whole insulation of the conductor Z in the same manner, as described with reference to Fig. It.

I claim: Il. A step by step insulation for electric conductors or elements of dierent potential, comprising a plurality of alternating layers tial, comprising a plurality of alternating layers of insulating and conducting material disposed between said elements and a conductor connecting said element-s and having the full drop in potential between its two ends, equal to the drop between saidftwo elements, said conducting layers, commencing with the layer nearest td the element of highest potential, being consecutively connected with a corresponding number 0f points on said connecting conductor intermediate its two ends, said pointsrepresenting a consecutive number of steps of decreasing potential between said elements forthe purpose set forth. A

3. A step by step insulation for electric conductors or elements of di'erent poten-v tial, comprising aplurality of alternatinglayers of insulating and conducting material disposed between said elements, and a respending' number of intermediate points of p said resistance, said intermediate points representing a consecutive corresponding number of steps of decreasing potential'between said elements, for the purpose set forth.

4. A step by step insulation for electric conductors or elements of different potential, comprising a plurality of alternating layers of insulating and conducting material disposed' between said elements, and a resist-ance connecting the element of highest and lowest potential, said conducting layers, commencing with the layer nea-rest to the element of highest potential, being consecutively connected with a corresponding number of intermediate points of said resistance, said intermediate points representing a consecutive corresponding number of steps of decreasing potential between said elements, for the purpose set forth. v

lln testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specifica-tion in the presence of the two subscribing witnesses.

KARL KURDA. vllVitnesses: l

WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY HASPER. 

